I’m not 100% sure on what component creates the automation-xxx pods, it may be the AWX Operator, but the deployment on your Kubernetes cluster is created for it, at that point your Kubernetes cluster node will pull the image in the deployment from your registry to run the job, in this case it’s GitLab.
In summary, you need to deploy your Root and Intermediate CA certificates on your Kubernetes cluster nodes to resolve this. If you’d like me to help further, please provide the Kubernetes distribution (OpenShift, K3s etc) and the OS of your cluster nodes.
Good luck 