It seems like there has been some discussion regarding how to associate per-host credentials, but I didn’t see anything come of it.
It looks possible with something like hashi vault based on templates, credential naming convention, and the hash_vault lookup module, but I don’t see anything in AWX functionality to duplicate that functionality without writing my a lookup module, but I suspect the lookup would be pretty convoluted given that it executes on the _task runner which would probably have to lookup the cred id, then submit a new job associate to the cred since it can’t request secrets by design.
Hashicorp example is from https://www.ansible.com/blog/ansible-tower-feature-spotlight-custom-credentials and looks something like the following.